Monday’s Monument: Friendship Statue, Macao, China
Macao, a Portuguese colony for 450 years, was turned over to the Chinese in 1999, whence it became a special administrative region. Before the handoff, the Portuguese spiffed up the long-neglected old town, recognizing that the Chinese would be more willing to...
Monday’s Monument: Ara Pacis Mundi, Medea, Italy
The Ara Pacis in Medea was built soon after the end of the Second World War as a symbol of the sacrifice of the nation and to represent the hope of a world of peace, liberty and justice. Designed by the architect Mario Bacciocchi , it was dedicated in 1951. The...
Monday’s Monument: Bunker Mules, Blåvand Beach, Denmark
There are 7,000 concrete bunkers and fortifications on the beaches along the west coast of the Jutland Peninsula, an ugly reminder of the German occupation during World War II. In the 1990s, Denmark commissioned 24 international artists to commemorate the 50th...
Since May 2015, every Monday morning I have been posting a little essay about a peace or social justice monument. For more than a decade, ever since the peaceCENTER was contracted by a national peace & human rights group to develop a workshop exploring strategies for creating memorials about acts of violence and injustice that did not glorify the bloodshed, we have pondered the relationship between the landscape and civic memory.
“I would rather take care of the stomachs of the living
than the glory of the departed in the form of monuments.”
Alfred Nobel
As we showcase these monuments we hope you will join us in this exploration. For now, we’re concentrating on publicly accessible outdoor works. Some are grassroots and homespun; others, more complicated in their funding and execution. They all have a story to tell and we can learn from all of them.
Monday’s Monument: John Bright Statue, Rochdale, England
John Bright, the son of a cotton manufacturer, was born in Rochdale in 1811. He received a Quaker education that helped develop a passionate commitment to ideas of political and religious equality and human rights. Bright came to national fame as one of the leaders of...
Monday’s Monument: International Peace Gardens, Salt Lake City, Utah
The International Peace Gardens, 11 acres located on the bank of the Jordan River, was founded as a citizenship project and as a lesson in peace and understanding between nations. The endeavor is considered evidence that people from many lands can unite in building a...
Monday’s Monument: Monumento a Fray Bartolomé de las Casas, Universal Son of Seville, Seville, Spain
This monument by sculptor Emilio García Ortiz is on the shores of the Guadalquivir, across the river from his birthplace, Triana. It was dedicated in 1984 on the occasion of the fifth centenary of his birth. Bartolomé de Las Casas 1474–1566, a Spanish missionary and...
Monday’s Monument: War and Peace, West Palm Beach, Florida
This statue, by Edwina Sandys, was unveiled in the Ann Norton Sculpture Gardens in West Palm Beach in October, 2019. After the Berlin Wall fell in 1989, Sandys traveled to Berlin to acquire a 32-by-12-foot section, which she has used to create sculptures that express...
Monday’s Monument: Salam Peace Dove, Zamboanga, Philippines
Unveiled in 2010, this is reported to be the first peace monument in the Philippines. It was an initiative of Peace Advocates Zamboanga (PAZ) and Interreligious Solidarity Movement for Peace (IRSMP). At the dedication, one of the organizers said, "we commit to live in...
Monday’s Monument: Pig Monument, Tennille, Georgia
In 1933, in the depths of the depression, farmer Barlow Barton's prize pig escaped. It was his winter pig, meant to feed the family. After two weeks of searching he found his pig, skinny, thirsty and desperate at the bottom of a dry well. After lowering some water and...
Monday’s Monument: Rauhanpatsas, Helsinki, Finland
The text on the base of the rauhan (peace) patsas (statue) reads: This statue of peace was erected by the people of Finland as a symbol of the peaceful coexistence and friendship of Finland and the Soviet Union; April 6, 1968 The sculptor, Essi Renvall, has said that...
Monday’s Monument: Nancy Randolph Davis Statue, Stillwater, Oklahoma
Oklahoma State University dedicated a statue to honor Nancy Randolph Davis, the first African-American student to attend then-Oklahoma A&M College, on January 31, 2019. Davis overcame racial obstacles to pursue her master’s degree in 1949. Davis earned a...
Monday’s Monument: Friedenstauben, Dessau, Germany
In this Soviet-era monument -- Friedenstauben is German for Peace Doves -- eight 10-meter- high flagpoles are joined with two rings. The upper ring is a play on perspective and decorative art, interweaving metallic doves in a continuously braided circular band. The...
Monday’s Monument: Las Equis (The X), Ciudad Juarez, Mexico
"The "X," or "La Equis," is a monument created by internationally known Mexican sculptor Sebastian (Enrique Carbajal González, who also sculpted the Torch of Friendship in Downtown San Antonio.) According to Sebastian, the sculpture is a tribute to former Mexican...
Monday’s Monument: Column of the Freedom of the Slaves, Ocaña, Columbia
On May 21, 1851, the Republic of New Granada (present-day Colombia and Panama) declared that slavery was to be abolished. The proclamation was met with a wave of support from most levels of society; however, the decision did not come into effect until January 1, 1852....
Monday’s Monument: Medicine Lodge Treaty Statue, Medicine Lodge, Kansas
In October 1867 the US government signed a treaty with five Indian tribes-- Kiowa, Comanche, Arapaho and Kiowa-Apache and Southern Cheyenne -- to put an end to years of bloody fighting on the Great Plains. This statue, erected in 1927, commemorates that treaty. That's...
Monday’s Monument: Hector Pieterson Memorial and Museum, Soweto, Johannesburg, South Africa
On 16 June 1976, at the age of 12, Hector Pieterson was shot by police during the student uprising in Soweto. Although not the first to be shot, he was the first of 23 students to die. The picture taken by news photographer Sam Nzima of his body being carried by...
Monday’s Monument: Rotary Peace Monument, Moshi, Tanzania
This monument, 6 feet in diameter and 8 feet high, conveys a message of peace and service – it is inscribed with the globe, a dove and Rotary information written in six languages. The globe conveys awareness and the dove symbolizes service towards world peace. It was...
Monday’s Monument: Albert Einstein Memorial, Washington, D.C.
Situated in an elm and holly grove on the grounds of the National Academy of Sciences, the Einstein memorial was unveiled on April 22, 1979, in honor of the centennial of his birth. It is by sculptor Robert Berks. He is holding papers containing facsimile handwriting...
Monday’s Monument: Monument to Reconciliation, Antiguo Cuscatlán, El Salvador
This park is a monument to the Chapultepec Peace Accords, which brought peace to El Salvador in 1992 after more than a decade of civil war. It was opened in 2017. A landscaped path -- el camino a la reconciliación, the road to reconciliation -- leads from the parking...
Monday’s Monument: Peace Bell, Tirana, Albania
This peace bell is cast from from 20,000 bullet cartridges, gathered by Catholic children, lead by a Catholic priest, in Shkodra in 1997, following a period of civil unrest in the country in which 2,000 were killed. It is located near the Enver Hoxha Pyramid. The wall...
Monday’s Monument: Clock of Hope for Peaceful Reunification, Seoul, South Korea
This monument is on the grounds of the War Memorial of Korea, located in Yongsan-dong, Yongsan-gu, Seoul, South Korea. It opened in 1994 on the former site of the army headquarters for the purpose of preventing war through lessons from the Korean War and for the hoped...
Monday’s Monument: Peace and Justice Plaza, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
In September, 2009 Chapel Hill renamed its historic Post Office Plaza (which also includes the county courthouse) as Peace and Justice Plaza, and marked the occasion with a granite plaque, embedded in the pavement, containing the names of nine local champions of peace...
Monday’s Monument: Monument of National Reconciliation, Athens, Greece
The sculpture was unveiled in 1989. It consists of three bronze figures embracing each other with one hand, other hand reaching for the sky. The sculptor was Vassilis Doropoulos . It is in Klafthmonos (Weeping, or Lamentation) Square. Τhe Greek Civil War was fought...
Monday’s Monument: JFK’s Launch of the Peace Corps Speech Plaque & Medallion, Ann Arbor, Michigan
After a day of campaigning for the presidency, Senator John F. Kennedy arrived at the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor on October 14, 1960, at 2:00 a.m., to get some sleep. Members of the press had retired for the night, believing that nothing interesting would...
Monday’s Monument: 228 Massacre Monument, Taipei, Taiwan
The 228 Peace Memorial Park is a historic site and municipal park containing memorials to victims of the February 28 Incident of 1947, including the Taipei 228 Memorial that stands at the center of the park and the Taipei 228 Memorial Museum, housed at the site of a...
Monday’s Monument: Suffering Humanity Sculpture, Belleville, Illinois
The plaque reads: Suffering Humanity. Constructed of welded steel, this 200 pound, six foot tall sculpture was begun in 1968. Haunted by the realization that this work should speak to no particular war, no particular race, but to all wars and all humanity - - the...
Monday’s Monument: Monumento Cristo de la Paz, San Marcos, El Salvador
This “Christ of Peace” was designed by the sculptor Rubén Martínez in honor of the Peace Accords of Chapultepec, signed in 1992, which ended a decade-long civil war. It was unveiled in 1994 during the Central American Sports Games that took place in the city of San...
MONUMENT (n.)
late 13c., “a sepulchre,” from Old French monument “grave, tomb, monument,” and directly from Latin monumentum “a monument, memorial structure, statue; votive offering; tomb; memorial record,” literally “something that reminds,” from monere “to admonish, warn, advice,” from PIE *moneyo-, suffixed (causative) form of root *men- (1) “to think.” Sense of “structure or edifice to commemorate a notable person, action, or event” first attested c. 1600.
Ten Questions to Ask at a Historic Site
In his book Lies Across America, Professor James Loewen posed these ten questions to ask at a historic site.
1. When did this location become a historic site? (When was the marker or monument put up? Or the house interpreted?) How did that time differ from ours? From the time of the event or person interpreted?
2. Who sponsored it? representing which participant groups’s point of view? What was their position in the social structure when the event occurred? When the site went “up”?
3. What were the sponsor’s motives? What were their ideological needs and social purposes? What were their values?
4. What is the intended audience for the site? What values were they trying to leave for us, today? What does the site ask us to go and do or think about?
5. Did the sponsors have government support? At what level? Who was ruling the government at the time? What ideological arguments were used to get the government acquiescence?
6. Who is left out? What points of view go largely unheard? How would the story differ if a different group told it? Another political party? Race? Sex? Class? Religious group?
7. Are there problematic (insulting, degrading) words or symbols that would not be used today, or by other groups?
8. How is the site used today? Do traditional rituals continue to connect today’s public to it? Or is it ignored? Why?
9. Is the presentation accurate? What actually happened? What historical sources tell of the event, people, or period commemorated at this site?
10. How does the site fit in with others that treat the same era? Or subject? What other people lived ad events happened then but are not commemorated? Why?
Want to learn more about monuments? Check out my bookshelf.
Ready to Kill
by Carl Sandburg (Chicago Poems, 1916)
TEN minutes now I have been looking at this.
I have gone by here before and wondered about it.
This is a bronze memorial of a famous general
Riding horseback with a flag and a sword and a revolver on him.
I want to smash the whole thing into a pile of junk to be hauled away to the scrap yard.
I put it straight to you,
After the farmer, the miner, the shop man, the factory hand, the fireman and the teamster,
Have all been remembered with bronze memorials,
Shaping them on the job of getting all of us
Something to eat and something to wear,
When they stack a few silhouettes
Against the sky
Here in the park,
And show the real huskies that are doing the work of the world, and feeding people instead of butchering them,
Then maybe I will stand here
And look easy at this general of the army holding a flag in the air,
And riding like hell on horseback
Ready to kill anybody that gets in his way,
Ready to run the red blood and slush the bowels of men all over the sweet new grass of the prairie.
Want more poems? Check out my monumental poetry section.